Amakuru

Intangiriro kuri Polyolefins no Gukuramo Film

Polyolefine, icyiciro cyibikoresho bya macromolecular ikomatanyirizwa muri olefin monomers nka Ethylene na propylene, ni plastiki ikorwa cyane kandi ikoreshwa kwisi yose. Ubwiyongere bwabo buturuka ku guhuza bidasanzwe kwimitungo, harimo igiciro gito, gutunganya neza, imiti ihamye, hamwe nibiranga umubiri. Mubikorwa bitandukanye bya polyolefine, ibicuruzwa bya firime bifite umwanya wambere, bikora imirimo ikomeye mugupakira ibiryo, gutwikira ubuhinzi, gupakira inganda, ibicuruzwa byubuvuzi nisuku, nibicuruzwa bya buri munsi. Ibisigarira cyane bya polyolefine bikoreshwa mugutunganya amafilime harimo polyethylene (PE) - ikubiyemo umurongo wa Polyethylene (LLDPE), Umuyoboro muke wa Polyethylene (LDPE), na Polyethylene (HDPE) - na polypropilene (PP).

Gukora firime ya polyolefin ahanini bishingiye kubuhanga bwo gukuramo ibicuruzwa, hamwe na Blown Film Extrusion na Cast Film Extrusion aribwo buryo bubiri bwibanze.

1. Gahunda yo Gukuramo Filime

Gukuramo firime ni bumwe muburyo bwiganje mu gukora firime polyolefin. Ihame shingiro ririmo gukuramo polymer yashongeshejwe uhagaritse hejuru binyuze mu rupfu rwumwaka, bigakora gereza ya rukuta ruto. Nyuma yaho, umwuka wugarijwe winjizwa imbere muri iyi gereza, bigatuma uhinduka umubyimba ufite diameter nini cyane ugereranije nu rupfu. Mugihe ibibyimba bizamuka, birakonjeshwa ku gahato kandi bigakomezwa nimpeta yo hanze. Igikonje gikonje noneho gisenyuka hamwe nuruziga rwa nip (akenshi binyuze mumurongo ugwa cyangwa A-ikadiri) hanyuma bigashushanywa nuruziga rukurura mbere yo gukomeretsa kumuzingo. Ibikorwa bya firime byavuzwe mubisanzwe bitanga firime zifite icyerekezo cya biaxial, bivuze ko zigaragaza uburinganire bwiza bwimiterere yubukanishi haba mu cyerekezo cyimashini (MD) no mu cyerekezo cyo guhinduranya (TD), nkimbaraga zikaze, kurwanya amarira, nimbaraga zikomeye. Umubyimba wa firime hamwe nubukanishi birashobora kugenzurwa muguhindura igipimo cyo guturika (BUR - igipimo cya diameter ya bubble na die diametre) hamwe nigipimo cyo kumanuka (DDR - igipimo cyumuvuduko wo gufata n'umuvuduko wo gukuramo).

2. Shira inzira yo gukuramo firime

Gukuramo firime nubundi buryo bukomeye bwo gukora firime ya polyolefin, cyane cyane ikwiranye na firime isaba ibintu byiza bya optique (urugero, ubwumvikane buke, ububengerane bwinshi) hamwe nuburinganire buhebuje. Muri ubu buryo, polymer yashongeshejwe isohoka mu buryo butambitse binyuze mu igorofa, ubwoko bwa T-gupfa, ikora urubuga rumwe rwashongeshejwe. Uru rubuga noneho rukururwa byihuse hejuru yumuntu umwe cyangwa byinshi byihuta, imbere bikonje bikonje. Gushonga birakomera vuba iyo uhuye nubukonje bukonje. Filime yakinnye muri rusange ifite ibyiza bya optique, ibyiyumvo byoroshye, hamwe nubushyuhe bwiza. Kugenzura neza icyuho cyiminwa ipfa, ubukonje bwa chill, hamwe n umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka bituma habaho kugenzura neza ubunini bwa firime nubuziranenge bwubuso.

Ibibazo 6 bya mbere bya Polyolefin

Nuburyo bukuze bwa tekinoroji yo gukuramo ibicuruzwa, abayikora bakunze guhura nuruhererekane rwibibazo byo gutunganya mubikorwa bifatika bya firime polyolefin, cyane cyane iyo baharanira umusaruro mwinshi, gukora neza, gupima neza, no mugihe bakoresha resin nshya ikora neza. Ibi bibazo ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumasoko gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka nziza kubicuruzwa byanyuma nibiciro. Inzitizi z'ingenzi zirimo:

1. Gushonga Kumeneka (Sharkskin): Iyi ni imwe mu nenge zikunze kugaragara muri firime ya polyolefin. Macroscopically, igaragara nkibihe bigenda bihindagurika cyangwa ubuso butagaragara kuri firime, cyangwa mubihe bikomeye, bigoretse cyane. Kuvunika gushonga bibaho cyane cyane mugihe igipimo cyogosha cya polymer yashonga kiva mu rupfu kirenze agaciro gakomeye, biganisha ku kunyeganyega kwinkoni hagati yurukuta rwurupfu ninshi rwashonga, cyangwa mugihe imihangayiko yo kwaguka iyo ipfuye irenze imbaraga zashonga. Iyi nenge ibangamira cyane imiterere ya firime ya optique (itomoye, gloss), ubworoherane bwubuso, kandi irashobora no gutesha agaciro imiterere ya mashini na bariyeri.

2. Ibyo kubitsa birashobora gutandukana mugihe cyo gukora, kwanduza ubuso bwa firime no gutera inenge nka geles, imirongo, cyangwa gushushanya, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa no mubwiza. Mu bihe bikomeye, gupfa kwiyubaka birashobora guhagarika gusohoka kwurupfu, biganisha ku guhindagurika kwipima, gushwanyaguza firime, hanyuma amaherezo bigahagarika umurongo wumusaruro kugirango bisukure bipfe, bikaviramo igihombo kinini mubikorwa byumusaruro no guta ibikoresho bibisi.

3. Umuvuduko ukabije ntiwongera ingufu zikoreshwa gusa ahubwo unatera ibyago kuramba kubikoresho (urugero, screw, ingunguru, gupfa) numutekano. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ihindagurika ridahungabana ryumuvuduko ukabije utera itandukaniro ryumusaruro ushonga, biganisha kumubyimba wa firime udahuje.

4. Ibi bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku musaruro hamwe nigiciro cyo gukora kuri buri gicuruzwa, bigatuma bigorana kuzuza isoko ryamasoko manini manini, ahendutse.

5. Ibi bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya firime nyuma yo gutunganya nibiranga imikoreshereze yanyuma.

6. Ibi biganisha ku gufatanya ibikoresho bishaje nibishya, kubyara ibikoresho byinzibacyuho, kongera igihe cyimpinduka, no kongera igipimo cyibisigazwa.

Izi mbogamizi zisanzwe zitunganywa zibuza imbaraga zabakora firime polyolefin kugirango bazamure ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa no gukora neza, kandi binatera inzitizi zo gukoresha ibikoresho bishya hamwe nubuhanga buhanitse bwo gutunganya. Kubwibyo, gushaka ibisubizo bifatika kugirango dutsinde izo mbogamizi ningirakamaro mu iterambere rirambye kandi ryiza ry’inganda zose zo gukuramo firime polyolefin.

Ibisubizo bya Polyolefin Gukuramo Filime: Imfashanyigisho za Polymer (PPAs)

Imfashanyigisho ya Polymer (PPAs) ninyongeramusaruro ikora agaciro kayo yibanze mugutezimbere imyitwarire ya rheologiya ya polymer yashonga mugihe cyo kuyisohora no guhindura imikoranire yabyo hejuru yibikoresho, bityo bikarenga ingorane zitandukanye zo gutunganya no kuzamura umusaruro nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.

1. Fluoropolymer ishingiye kuri PPAs

Imiterere yimiti nibiranga: Ubu ni byo bikoreshwa cyane, bikuze mu buhanga, kandi byerekana neza icyiciro cya PPAs. Mubisanzwe ni homopolymers cyangwa copolymers ishingiye kuri monomers ya fluoroolefin nka vinylidene fluoride (VDF), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), na tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hamwe na fluoroelastomers niyo ihagarariwe cyane. Iminyururu ya molekuline yiyi PPA ikungahaye cyane-imbaraga-zingirakamaro, imiyoboro ya CF-ya polarike, itanga imiterere yihariye ya fiziki ya chimique: ingufu zo hasi cyane (bisa na polytetrafluoroethylene / Teflon®), ituze ryiza ryumuriro, hamwe nubusembure bwimiti. Icy'ingenzi, fluoropolymer PPAs muri rusange yerekana kutabangikanya nabi na matrise ya polyolefin itari polar (nka PE, PP). Uku kudahuza nikintu cyingenzi gisabwa kugirango bimuke neza hejuru yicyuma cyurupfu, aho bakora amavuta yo kwisiga.

Ibicuruzwa bihagarariye: Ibirango byambere ku isoko ryisi ya fluoropolymer PPAs harimo Chemours 'Viton ™ FreeFlow ™ seriveri hamwe na 3M ya Dynamar ™, itegeka umugabane munini ku isoko. Byongeye kandi, amanota amwe ya fluoropolymer kuva muri Arkema (Urukurikirane rwa Kynar®) na Solvay (Tecnoflon®) nayo akoreshwa nk, cyangwa nibice byingenzi muburyo bwa PPA.

2. Ibikoresho bifasha gutunganya silikoni (PPAs)

Imiterere yimiti nibiranga: Ibice byibanze bikora muriki cyiciro cya PPA ni polysiloxane, bakunze kwita silicone. Umugongo wa polysiloxane ugizwe na atome ya silicon na ogisijeni (-Si-O-), hamwe nitsinda kama (ubusanzwe methyl) ryometse kuri atome ya silicon. Iyi miterere idasanzwe ya molekile itanga ibikoresho bya silicone hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwo hejuru, guhagarara neza kwumuriro, guhinduka neza, hamwe no kudafatana ibintu byinshi. Kimwe na fluoropolymer PPAs, imikorere ya PPAs ya silicone yimuka yimuka hejuru yicyuma cyibikoresho byo gutunganya kugirango ikore amavuta.

Ibiranga porogaramu: Nubwo fluoropolymer PPAs yiganje murwego rwo gukuramo firime ya polyolefin, PPAs ishingiye kuri silicone irashobora kwerekana ibyiza byihariye cyangwa igatera ingaruka zifatika mugihe ikoreshejwe muburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha cyangwa ifatanije na sisitemu yihariye. Kurugero, barashobora gufatwa nkibisabwa bisaba koefficient nkeya cyane yo guterana cyangwa aho ibintu byihariye biranga ibicuruzwa byanyuma.

Guhura na Fluoropolymer Kubuza cyangwa Ibibazo byo gutanga PTFE?

Gukemura ibibazo bya Polyolefin Gukemura ibibazo hamwe na PFAS Yubusa PPA Ibisubizo-SILIKE ya Fluorine Yubusa Polymer

SILIKE ifata inzira igaragara hamwe nibicuruzwa byayo bya SILIMER, itanga udushyaImfashanyigisho ya PFAS idafite ibikoresho (PPAs)). Uyu murongo wuzuye wibicuruzwa urimo 100% PFAS idafite PPAs,fluor-idafite PPA Polymer yinyongera, naPFAS-yubusa & fluor-yubusa PPA.Bygukuraho ibikenerwa byongerwaho fluor, izi mfashanyigisho zitunganya zitezimbere cyane mubikorwa byo gukora LLDPE, LDPE, HDPE, mLLDPE, PP, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukuramo firime polyolefin. Bahuza n’amabwiriza agezweho y’ibidukikije ari nako azamura umusaruro, kugabanya igihe, no kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa muri rusange. PPAs ya PILAS idafite SILIKE izana inyungu kubicuruzwa byanyuma, harimo no kuvunika kuvunika gushonga (sharkskin), kongera ubworoherane, hamwe nubuziranenge bwo hejuru.

Niba uhanganye ningaruka zo kubuza fluoropolymer cyangwa kubura PTFE mubikorwa byawe byo gukuramo polymer, SILIKE itangaubundi buryo bwa fluoropolymer PPAs / PTFE, Inyongera ya PFAS yubusa yo gukora filmibyo bigenewe guhuza ibyo ukeneye, nta mpinduka zisabwa.